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Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida was a popular Spanish painter who worked largely within the mode of plein air Impressionism and whose works largely feature landscapes and genre scenes. Born in 1863 in Valencia, Spain, Sorolla was orphaned at the age of two and subsequently raised by his maternal aunt and uncle. Early on he showed a talent for art, and by age fifteen he was enrolled at the Academy of San Carlos. Sorolla’s earliest works were generally of historical scenes, or contained social realist themes, but as his practice matured his focus turned to genre and landscape painting. He adopted the Impressionist technique of using impasto paint application and rapid brushwork, as well as paid increased attention to natural light. His first career achievement of note came in 1892, when he won the gold medal at the National Exhibition in Madrid. Shortly thereafter, he was awarded first prize at the Chicago International Exhibition in 1893.

In 1909 his work was exhibited at the Hispanic Society in New York City; the acclaim he garnered from this show led to a prestigious commission: to co

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Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida

(February 27, 1863 - August 10, 1923)

Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (February 27, 1863 - August 10, 1923) was a Spanish painter, born in Valencia, who excelled in the painting of portraits, landscapes, and monumental works of social and historical themes. His most typical works are characterized by a dexterous representation of the people and landscape under the sunlight of his native land. Joaquin Sorolla was the eldest child born to a tradesman, also named Joaquin, and his wife, Concepcion Bastida. His sister, Concha, was born a year later. In August 1865 both children were orphaned when their parents died, possibly from cholera. They were thereafter cared for by their maternal aunt and uncle. He received his initial art education, at the age of fourteen, in his native town, and then under a succession of teachers including Cayetano Capuz, Salustiano Asenjo. At the age of eighteen he traveled to Madrid, vigorously studying master paintings in the Museo del Prado.

After completing his military service, at twenty-two Sorolla obtained a grant which enable

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Biography of Joaquín Sorolla

Valencia, February 27, 1863 - Cercedilla, August 10, 1923)

Self-portrait

Sorolla is the best example of Spanish impressionism, with an interpretation based on the complete importance of light and the movement of figures. Changes in the intensity of light can modify colors and blur forms. Sorolla's colors are pure - without blending - with short, juxtaposed brushstrokes that increase brightness.

According to Sorolla, "Art has nothing to do with ugliness or sadness. Light is the life of everything it touches, so the more light in a painting, the more life, more truth, more beauty." He always placed importance on illumination techniques and his command of drawing and color to reproduce the effects of light. His extraordinary memory allowed him to paint works in a large format that retained the light and movement of an entire scene from one brief moment.

The term "luminism" was created in 1945 by John Baur, the director of the Whitney Museum of New York, to describe a type of United States landscape painting in the mid-twentieth century in